The Designer's Guide Community Forum

The Designer's Guide Community Forum
https://designers-guide.org/forum/YaBB.pl
Design >> Analog Design >> Recent Books on CMOS Voltage References?
https://designers-guide.org/forum/YaBB.pl?num=1335803648

Message started by spectrallypure on Apr 30^th, 2012, 9:34am

Title: Recent Books on CMOS Voltage References?
Post by spectrallypure on Apr 30^th, 2012, 9:34am

Hi all! Could anybody please recommend any RECENT books on CMOS voltage reference design?

I need to design a low power voltage reference in a 90nm process, and I already have checked the classic ones (Razavi, Rincon-Mora, etc); they are OK for the basics, but a little dated with respect to what is used now in deep-submicron CMOS (low-power, sub-bandgap voltages, etc).

I've found one book with more recent ideas ("CMOS Analog Design Using All-Region MOSFET Modeling", Scheider 2010), but it only covers the topics briefly. Do you know of any other recent books or tutorial papers that I could read as preparation for my project?

Thanks in advance for any help!

Title: Re: Recent Books on CMOS Voltage References?
Post by Lex on May 3^rd, 2012, 1:21am

I've been looking for this subject a while back, but besides a few papers I couldn't find much out there.

I saw one book which be interesting to you, but I haven't had a chance to look into it: Superior-Order Curvature-Correction Techniques for Voltage References by Popa (2009). Let me know if it is any good for CMOS references.

Title: Re: Recent Books on CMOS Voltage References?
Post by spectrallypure on May 3^rd, 2012, 1:30pm

Thanks SO MUCH for the tip, Lex! I've found the book and, though very succint (seems a thesis rather than a book) it covers very interesting topics. I am pasting an excerpt of the index for your reference. If someone knows of any other reference of the like, please let us know!

Cheers,

Jorge.

1 Current References .1
1.1 PTAT Current References 2
1.1.1 Self-Biased PTAT Current Reference Using Bipolar Devices 3
1.1.2 Self-Biased PTAT Current Reference Using MOS Devices 4
1.1.3 Cross-Connection PTAT Bipolar Current Reference 5
1.1.4 Cross-Connection PTAT CMOS Current Reference.5
1.1.5 Self-Biased PTAT Current Reference Using Parasite Bipolar Transistors6
1.2 CTAT Current References .8
1.2.1 CTAT Current Reference Using the Base–Emitter Voltage 9
1.2.2 Self-Biased CTAT Current Reference Using the Base–Emitter Voltage 10
1.2.3 CMOS CTAT Current Reference Using the Gate–Source Voltage 11
1.2.4 CMOS Self-Biased CTAT Current Reference Using the Gate–Source Voltage 12
1.2.5 CMOS Self-Biased CTAT Current Reference Using Parasite Bipolar Transistors 13
1.2.6 CMOS CTAT Current Reference Using the Threshold Voltage 16
1.3 First-Order Curvature-Corrected Current References.17
1.4 PTAT2 Current References .20
1.4.1 Self-Biased Bipolar PTAT2 Current References .21
1.4.2 Self-Biased CMOS PTAT2 Current References 23
1.5 PTATn Current References Using Computational Circuits 33

2 Zero-Order Curvature-Corrected Voltage References 37
2.1 CTAT Voltage References 38
2.1.1 Base–Emitter Voltage Temperature Dependence 38
2.1.2 Gate–Source Voltage Temperature Dependence .40
2.1.3 Threshold Voltage Temperature Dependence .42
2.2 PTAT Voltage References 49
2.2.1 The Difference Between Two Base–Emitter
VoltagesThe Bipolar Offset Voltage Follower Block50
2.2.2 The Difference Between Two Gate–Source VoltagesThe CMOS OVF Block 57

3 First-Order Curvature-Corrected Voltage References 61
3.1 Fundamental Principles of First-Order Curvature-Correction Techniques.61
3.2 Compensation of the Base–Emitter Voltage Temperature Dependence Using a PTAT Voltage62
3.2.1 Voltage Reference Using the Weighted Difference of Base–Emitter Voltages62
3.2.2 Self-Biased Voltage References 63
3.2.3 Cascode Self-Biased Voltage Reference 68
3.2.4 Current-Mode Voltage Reference 69
3.2.5 Voltage References Using Operational Amplifiers 73
3.2.6 Current-Mode Voltage References Using Operational Amplifiers80
3.2.7 Monolithic Voltage References 83
3.3 Compensation of the Gate–Source Voltage Temperature Dependence Using a PTAT Voltage88
3.3.1 Self-Biased CMOS Voltage Reference 88
3.3.2 Cascode Self-Biased CMOS Voltage Reference.89
3.3.3 Cascode Self-Biased CMOS Voltage Reference Using a Cross-Connection 90
3.3.4 Current-Mode Self-Biased CMOS Voltage Reference 92
3.4 Compensation of the Threshold Voltage Temperature Dependence Using a PTAT Voltage93
3.4.1 The First Implementation .93
3.4.2 The Second Implementation .94
3.4.3 The Third Implementation .96
3.4.4 The Fourth Implementation.97
3.4.5 The Fifth Implementation.98
3.4.6 The Sixth Implementation 98
3.5 Mutual Compensation of Carriers’ Mobility and Threshold Voltage Temperature Dependencies .100
3.6 Mutual Compensations of the Base–Emitter and Zener
Voltage Temperature Dependencies 102

4 Superior-Order Curvature-Corrected Voltage References 111
4.1 Correction of the Base–Emitter Voltage Nonlinear
Temperature Characteristic Using a Proper Biasing
of the Bipolar Transistor 112
4.1.1 Correction of the Temperature Characteristic
Using the Weighted Difference Between
Base–Emitter Voltages 112
4.1.2 Correction of the Temperature Characteristic
Using the Biasing of the Bipolar Transistor at a PTATa C PTATb Current113
4.1.3 Correction of the Temperature Characteristic
Using the Biasing of the Bipolar Transistor
at a PTAT Current .120
4.2 Compensation of the Base–Emitter Voltage Nonlinear
Temperature Characteristic Using a Correction Voltage
or a Correction Current 124
4.2.1 Compensation of Characteristic Using
the Difference of Diode Voltages 124
4.2.2 Compensation of Characteristic Using a PTAT2
Correction Current 128
4.2.3 Exponential Curvature Compensation 130
4.2.4 Compensation of Characteristic Using
the Difference of Base–Emitter Voltages 133
4.2.5 Compensation of Characteristic Using a Transfer Cell 135
4.3 Correction of the Gate–Source Voltage Nonlinear
Temperature Characteristic Using a Proper Biasing
of theMOS Transistor 139
4.3.1 Curvature Correction Using a Square-Root
Circuit and an Offset Voltage Follower 139
4.3.2 Curvature-Corrections Based on the Proper
Biasing of a MOS Transistor 141
4.4 Compensation of the Gate–Source Voltage Nonlinear
Temperature Characteristic Using a Correction Voltage
or a Correction Current 144
4.4.1 Compensation of Characteristic Using
a Correction Current 144
4.4.2 Curvature Compensation Using the Weighted
Difference of Gate–Source Voltages 147
4.4.3 Curvature Compensations Using an
Asymmetric-Biased Differential Amplifier 149
4.4.4 Curvature Compensations Using Double Differential Structures 153
4.5 ProgrammableVoltage Reference Circuit 159
4.5.1 VGS.T / Block159
4.5.2 Linear Curvature-Correction Block 160
4.5.3 Superior-Order Curvature-Correction Block.160
4.5.4 PTAT
Current Generator 160
4.6 Floating-Gate Voltage References 163
4.6.1 Floating-GateMOS Devices163
4.6.2 Elementary Floating-Gate Voltage Reference 163
4.6.3 Improved Performances Floating-Gate
Voltage Reference .164
4.7 Thermal Stabilization Circuit 165

5 Error Sources in Typical Voltage References 169

Title: Re: Recent Books on CMOS Voltage References?
Post by Lex on May 4^th, 2012, 1:00am

I just had a look into the book, and you are right in the sense that it might have evolved from a thesis. =)

But still, it seems a good starting point. There are many circuit implementations along with the equations that describe them. Next, there are a ton of references after every chapter, which can direct you to the specific papers.

However it can be a bit annoying to read. There is good info there, but just too many equations and derivations, of which most they could just have left in an appendix imho. And I kinda miss a part on process dependency and a big comparison table.

Title: Re: Recent Books on CMOS Voltage References?
Post by loose-electron on May 5^th, 2012, 10:21am

as a general rule, if it is really new methods or challenges, you are going to be limited to things like IEEE JSSC papers and similar.

Books take a few years to make happen.

Title: Re: Recent Books on CMOS Voltage References?
Post by analog_wiz on Nov 19^th, 2012, 10:13pm

There is one book by rincon mora on voltage references.google it. It goes into details of first as well as second order bandgap design as well as trimming procedures for factory trimming for achieving better accuracy .