Dynamic offset is often mentioned for dynamic latch in the comparator, but what exactly is "dynamic offset" (vs. static input offset)? Thanks.

Ah the subtle stuff...  :D

This is why all analog designers have good job security.  ;D

Seriously - Charge injection through non-ideal switches, and Cgs, Cgd type of coupling is a big one.

Then in addition, there is the non-ideal effects of switches where the on-off is not clean (Rds and saturation region effects) and the offset changes with signal size. (Also known as aperture error and sampling window errors) This manifests itself as an offset type of effect.

Then there is the fact that the charge injection changes as a function of the clocking rate.

Those are the ones that come to mind right away.