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Regarding eye diagram (Read 15382 times)
raja.cedt
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Regarding eye diagram
Jan 05th, 2012, 8:16am
 
hello,
i am doing an optical modulator driver @ 40G data rate, so i want to simulate this ckt  at 2^31-1 data pattern. When i simulating with this data pattern i would see how it is responding for high frequency like 1010101 pattern and how it is behaving for low frequency mean 31 consecutive 1 or 0. is it okay to simulate directly this conditions rather than simulating all kind of patterns?

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Raj.
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loose-electron
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #1 - Jan 6th, 2012, 1:45pm
 
Highest BW patterns are where people
usually start, and then things like lowest
frequency situations need to be examined as well.

If its RLL coding (limited consequtive zeros, Run length limited)
you can usually come up with a few test cases to cover the extremes.
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raja.cedt
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #2 - Jan 7th, 2012, 2:25am
 
hello,
ya what you are saying is correct, but what i feel these two test cases will cover for an serial link transmitter, correct me if am wrong., but you said several cases.
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Raj.
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ywguo
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #3 - Jan 7th, 2012, 6:10am
 
Hi Raj,

Quote:
but what i feel these two test cases will cover for an serial link transmitter

Do you mean 101010 pattern and low frequency, saying 31 consecutive 1's or 0's? Usually they are not enough for Serdes. I think the same principle applied for your optical driver. The 101010 data pattern is used to uncover duty cycle distortion. As you know, inter-symbol interference (ISI), also named data dependent jitter is one of the major source for deterministic jitter. So you need to run simulation like 1000010111. I recalled that is the worst case for ISI if 8B/10B code is used for Serdes/driver. If you have other coding scheme, please select a similar code for ISI, which has a single 1 succeeding the longest run of 0's, and vice versa. The height of single 1 is reduced, even killed if the driver has not enough bandwidth. Hope this is helpful.

Yawei
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raja.cedt
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #4 - Jan 7th, 2012, 6:44am
 
hello Yawei,
could you please explain bit more, i am new to this field.

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raj.

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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #5 - Jan 7th, 2012, 6:46am
 
It is too late in Shanghai. I will try to explain it in more detail tomorrow.
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #6 - Jan 8th, 2012, 4:30am
 
Hi Raj,

The jitter in serial data communication are put into two categories, random jitter (RJ) and deterministic jitter (DJ).

DJ has several sub-types, duty cycle distortion (DCD), data dependent jitter (DDJ), periodic jitter.

DCD is usually caused by the unsymmetrical rise and fall edge of the driver. In your case, a 40Gbps optical driver. You need to run 010101... pattern to measure it. A data pattern, saying  0000101111 is not suitable because DDJ also affects on the rise/fall times.

DDJ is also called ISI. It is inter-symbol interference in fact because the channel is band-limited.  So a rise/fall edge succeeding a long 0/1 bit stream is more slow. For pseudo-random binary stream (PRBS), run transient simulation and plot its eye diagram, the rise edges are not coincident. And the same for all falling edges.

Periodic jitter is usually caused by low frequency sinusoidal interference on supply voltage. It caused the jitter varies periodically.

Yawei
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #7 - Jan 8th, 2012, 4:37am
 
Here is the transient waveform corresponding to the above eye diagram. Obviously some pulses is not as high as others. This is caused by ISI.
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raja.cedt
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #8 - Jan 8th, 2012, 5:26am
 
hello ywguo,
thanks for the reply. So i understood the following.

DDJ: To simulate ddj i have to use long 1/0 followed by single bit 0/1. With this we can find peak jitter from the EYE-diagram

DCD: to simulate DCD we have to use 1010101 pattern.

last thing is we have to check bw limitation again by applying 101010 pattern and check whether output is reaching the level or not.  

Bottom line is no need to simulate the driver for entire PRBS pattern . Correct me if am wrong.

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Raj.
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #9 - Jan 8th, 2012, 1:37pm
 
What is your encoding ?

Is this something like 8b-10b or something different?

You can generally come up with a set of test cases that will
deal with max-min frequency, intersymbol interference,
pulse pairing (thou that is usually magnetic media) offset to
pattern sensitivity and similar.

The RLL structures are easier to test than things that use
NRZ which has lots more problems (lonely pulse, Offset
dependency on pattern, etc)
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #10 - Jan 8th, 2012, 11:07pm
 
Raj,

You need not simulate the driver for the entire 231-1 PRBS. It takes long long time.

Jerry,

What is RLL structure?

Yawei
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #11 - Jan 9th, 2012, 12:35am
 
hello Yawei,
thanks you i will try to follow this. are you ware some kind PRBS generators in spice, i had one source in cadence varilog A, but there is no choice of selecting run length. One more last Question is driver simulation methodology or some properties of driver is really depends on the encoding (8b/10b)? may be like it limits the same bits stream like 11111 up to some extent and may reduce the  ISI and we can use in simulation as well. Any how thanks for your continues help.

RLL means Run length limited encoding, which is common term in Clock and Data Recovery (CDR), hello jerry correct me if am wrong.

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Raj.
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #12 - Jan 9th, 2012, 11:58am
 
Raj Correct.

RLL codes are used to avoid things like a million 0's in a row.
Where you lose amplitude and phase information. (NRZ data
has this problem.)

RLL coding got introduced into CDR systems associated with
disk drive read channels way back in the late 1970-1980 era
More recently has been applied to communication systems
and SerDes devices.

Wiki:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run-length_limited
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Jerry Twomey
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #13 - Jan 9th, 2012, 1:28pm
 
hello jerry,
if you have coding like 8b/10b in transmitter, then data has some minimum transition so whats the purpose of RLL then?

Sorry jerry, i am new to this field so i am asking this kind of basic Questions.

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Raj.
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Re: Regarding eye diagram
Reply #14 - Jan 9th, 2012, 6:08pm
 
Raj,

Even if the original data are all 0's/1's, the data has a lot of toggles if you have 8B/10B coding in your system. And the data has balanced 0/1 so that it is helpful to eliminate any DC wandering. I don't know details of other coding, but I think they have similar function.

The earliest paper I know about 8B/10B coding is from IBM Journal of Research in 1980's. At that time, IBM was the leader in disk drive. A few years ago, I found it in IBM website. Now it is available in ieeexplore.

Yawei
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