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need help (Read 684 times)
varun patial
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need help
Mar 14th, 2012, 2:32am
 
i have designed single ended low noise amplifier  with cascode source degeneration configuration to be operating at 2.14GHz and i m getting
S11 = -17.85dB
S21 = 12dB
both tuned at 2.15GHz
also input referred noise around 6.224E-18 V(sqr)/ Hz
but i m not able to design output impedance matching network so that S22 to be tuned at 2.14GHz
I tried pi matching network but that dropped my gain to 2dB
pls help
thanks in advance
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loose-electron
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Re: need help
Reply #1 - Mar 14th, 2012, 3:54pm
 
schematics and more information about the problem is needed

also, if you can rename your posting
to something more informative than "need help"
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Jerry Twomey
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RFICDUDE
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Re: need help
Reply #2 - Mar 14th, 2012, 7:37pm
 
As Jerry said, we need to see your topology before good suggestions can be provided.

If your gain is dropping because of matching then the problem is that you need to understand what to do to meet your gain requirement with matching. You need to find out what the output impedance is of your circuit and understand that matching will tune out the reactive part while loading the transistor with 1/2 the real part of the output impedance (conjugate match). The gain from your matched output to the load will be the square root of the impedance ratio sqrt(Rload/Rtransistor). If your load impedance is much lower than the output impedance of the transistor then the match will step down the voltage from the transistor to the load resistor. If the load is higher impedance than the transistor then the match will step up the voltage.

The gain with matching is something you can calculate and design for if you know what the output impedance of your amplifier is (before matching).

The other important point is topology and isolation to the input. If you have a common source (or emitter) amp without a cascode then the input and output networks are somewhat connected through the drain to source (or collector to base) capacitance. This output to input coupling makes it much more difficult to isolate the output and input matching circuits. However, if the circuit is a cascode structure for the input then there is high isolation between output and input making it a little easier to deal with matching and gain requirements for the design.

So tell us more about the topology.
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varun patial
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Re: need help
Reply #3 - Mar 15th, 2012, 11:13pm
 
thanks a lot ,
Sir I have attached the schematic of LNA and the  sizes of mosfet are
W= 270u
L-0.18u
the LNA designed is based on power constrained noise optimization
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varun patial
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Re: need help
Reply #4 - Mar 15th, 2012, 11:23pm
 
thanks a lot  RFICDUDE i need some explain how
The gain from  matched output to the load is related to  the square root of the impedance ratio sqrt(Rload/Rtransistor).
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Vladislav D
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Re: need help
Reply #5 - Mar 16th, 2012, 3:47am
 
varun patial wrote on Mar 15th, 2012, 11:23pm:
thanks a lot  RFICDUDE i need some explain how
The gain from  matched output to the load is related to  the square root of the impedance ratio sqrt(Rload/Rtransistor).


There is a mistake in the biasing....
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Vladislav D
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Re: need help
Reply #6 - Mar 16th, 2012, 3:50am
 
-If u need a narrow-band matching just put parallel RLC in the collector and remove that pi-crap from the output. With R u can vary the BW in expense of gain
-make C tunable to overcome process variation
-decouple the output port from the circuit
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Vladislav D
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Re: need help
Reply #7 - Mar 16th, 2012, 4:00am
 
In fact, if this is a standalone design, the pi-network will be formed by parasitics and u cannot do much about that.
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loose-electron
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Re: need help
Reply #8 - Mar 16th, 2012, 10:47am
 
Purpose of R1 & M2?

Why is there a signal generator on the output of the device?
(i think its a test tool, but please verify)

At first look, the DC op point does not seem to make sense,
could you please provide the node voltages and currents
at the DC operating point?
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Vladislav D
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Re: need help
Reply #9 - Mar 16th, 2012, 12:53pm
 
loose-electron wrote on Mar 16th, 2012, 10:47am:
Purpose of R1 & M2?
(i think its a test tool, but please verify)


Jerry, I am just curious what you mean by a test tool?
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loose-electron
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Re: need help
Reply #10 - Mar 16th, 2012, 6:22pm
 
Set the voltage = 0 monitor the current in the voltage source.

It exists in the schematic,
but is meaningless in the final circuit on silicon.
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varun patial
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Re: need help
Reply #11 - Mar 16th, 2012, 11:03pm
 
thanks a lot all ,

At the output side Ireplaced pi network with simple L matching network  and i got the gain around 13dB for the case when Vgs was equal to 0.934 volts and thresold voltage around 0.70 volts meaning by more current was flowing in main circuit and main problem with that was power was far above the nominal value. so i tried one of the solution:-
At the input side where R1 and M2 is  used to provide dc operating point  i modified the schematic replacing R1 by diode connected pmos as for low power requirement at the bias stage resistor requirement was of large resistor value around 10K with constraint on rf resistor i was getting maximum of 1.20K with single resistor so instead of connecting 9 resitors in series i tried two diode connected pmos and that work it and reduced my power significantly. also the Vgs at the input transistor become equal to 0.488 and threshold voltage around 0.477. But at the same time it reduced my gain from 13dB to 7dB.
I calculated small signal gain earlier it comes out to be ratio of load inductor to source degeneration inductor. but when i increase the value of load inductor it saturates the gain around 7dB  while ohter parameters remains within nominal value(S11,S22,NF)pls suggest how to increase gain
Sorry i cant provide modified schematic because of weekend lab is closed. i will attach the schematic on monday.
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Re: need help
Reply #12 - Mar 17th, 2012, 5:22pm
 
As Vladislav first pointed out, the gate bias circuit is not valid.

The input bias appears to be a current mirror reference diode, but the gate and drain are not tied together. The gate voltage of the input device appears to be indeterminate for the circuit shown.

Beyond the reference device issue, the current mirror reference device has a width=6u and the amplifier has width=0.24u resulting in a step down of 0.24/6=0.04 in current from the reference device to the amplifier. Typically we want a step up in current arising from the reference device width being smaller than the amplifier device it is biasing.




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varun patial
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Re: need help
Reply #13 - Mar 18th, 2012, 10:35pm
 
thanks a lot rficdude i rectify the problem regarding the biasing circuit also at the input side the sizes of driver and cascode mosfet is 370/0.18
but still gain is not increasing
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varun patial
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Re: need help
Reply #14 - Mar 18th, 2012, 10:36pm
 
schematinc with dc node voltages
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