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smart voltage regulator (Read 1009 times)
ccd
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smart voltage regulator
Nov 01st, 2006, 10:08am
 
Hello.  I've been thinking about a way to build voltage regulator that runs on a battery, let's say 3.3V or something.  With a fresh battery, this voltage regulator is on and regulates down to, say 0.8V, but as the battery voltage drops down to 0.8V, the regulator senses this low battery voltage and bypasses itself, so that the battery is connected directly to the regulator output. Basically, this regulator shuts itself off when regulation is not needed when it senses low supply voltage.

I appreciate any idea you may have.

Regards,
ccd
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loose-electron
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Re: smart voltage regulator
Reply #1 - Nov 2nd, 2006, 8:02am
 
What you are describing already exists. It is called an LDO (Low Drop Out ) Regulator.

Google it, lots of manufactureres make them, and lots of papaers on the subject.
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Jerry Twomey
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ccd
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Re: smart voltage regulator
Reply #2 - Nov 2nd, 2006, 9:16am
 
Thanks for your response, but what I'm looking for is NOT  how to design a LDO regulator, but a way to sense low supply voltage and bypass the regulator because the regulator is no longer functional  at this low supply voltage.  What I could do is use a low voltage bandgap reference (0.6V perhaps) to detect the voltage drop to pull the gate of the pmos regulator driver low to short the load to the supply at that point.
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Raul
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Re: smart voltage regulator
Reply #3 - Nov 3rd, 2006, 4:17pm
 
What you describe will naturally happen with an LDO. When the battery is too low the LDO will go into dropout. If you want to turn off the bias current you will need to have a comparator comparing the voltage at the feedback input of the error amp of the LDO to some reference slightly lower to the voltage reference used by the LDO. Then feed this signal to the digital control to disable the LDO.
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regards, Raul Perez
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ccd
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Re: smart voltage regulator
Reply #4 - Nov 3rd, 2006, 6:58pm
 
Thanks Raul.  

I'm concerned about LDO not naturally going into dropout when the error amp and bandgap reference are also on the same battery as the LDO.  When the battery voltage drops, the error amp becomes non-functional or partially functional, will it still correctly drive the gate of the LDO pmos device low?  This is why I think a comparator and another voltage reference are needed to ensure the LDO is disabled.

I hope my thinking is wrong and that the comparator and voltage reference are not needed. Please give me your feedback.

Thanks again,
ccd
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loose-electron
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Re: smart voltage regulator
Reply #5 - Nov 7th, 2006, 8:06am
 
An LDO if propoerly designed drives the pass transistor into triode region (slammed on) as the power supply decreases. This pegs the output to the battery supply.  Well designed LDO's use about 25-35 uA of current to make this all happen. No extra circuits required.
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